UN peacekeeping missions are often criticized for failing to act when civilians are under threat. Yet recent empirical evidence suggests that peacekeepers can and do respond to violence by adjusting where and how they deploy forces in the field. This issue brief examines patterns of subnational deployment across African missions from 2012 to 2022, focusing on whether and how missions with protection of civilians (POC) mandates adjust their military presence in response to attacks on civilians. The findings indicate that peacekeeping missions are more likely to strengthen their presence in areas experiencing recent violence—especially violence perpetrated by non-state armed groups—but also respond to state-led violence, albeit less consistently. This responsiveness highlights the operational flexibility some missions can exercise and challenges the assumption that host-state consent fully constrains the implementation of POC mandates. The brief also underscores the need to assess peacekeepers’ behavior not only in terms of mandate design but also in terms of how missions adapt on the ground.
The brief concludes with important considerations for peacekeeping stakeholders committed to POC:
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Six mois après la tragédie qui a coûté la vie à 62 jeunes et blessé plus de 200 personnes, le Parquet macédonien finalise l'acte d'accusation. Trente-quatre individus et trois sociétés, dont d'anciens responsables politiques, sont poursuivis pour falsification, négligence et graves manquements de sécurité. Les familles des victimes, elles, continuent de réclamer justice dans la rue.
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